Renal artery dilatation, also known as renal artery angioplasty, is an advanced treatment designed to address narrowing or blockage in the blood vessels that supply blood to the kidneys. This condition is most often caused by the buildup of plaque and fatty deposits within the arteries, which reduces normal blood flow to this vital organ. The procedure is performed by specialist physicians who use advanced imaging technologies such as X-ray fluoroscopy and ultrasound to guide tiny instruments through the vascular system without the need for open surgery. This treatment is suitable for patients suffering from impaired kidney function, chronic kidney disease, or hypertension resulting from renal artery stenosis.

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During the procedure, the physician makes a small puncture in the skin, usually in the groin or wrist area, through which a thin tube called a catheter is inserted. Using a flexible guidewire and contrast media that allow the blood vessels to be seen clearly under imaging, the physician navigates the catheter to the point of blockage in the renal artery. At the tip of the catheter is a small balloon that is gently inflated within the narrowed area to widen the artery lumen and restore blood flow. In many cases, the physician will decide to insert a stent, which is a tiny, flexible metal mesh cylinder that remains inside the artery to act as a scaffold and prevent future re-narrowing. The use of this technology allows doctors to treat a wide range of blockages and issues in the complex vascular structure of the abdomen while maintaining the highest level of safety for the patient.

The treatment is typically performed under local anesthesia and light sedation only, so the patient remains relaxed but fully conscious throughout the process. This technique allows the medical team to achieve very precise results with minimal impact on surrounding tissues. This procedure represents a significant advancement in modern medicine, as it replaces complex surgeries in many cases that would otherwise require a full opening of the abdominal area and a lengthy, painful recovery time.
Patients are under close supervision by the medical team throughout all stages of the process, from the initial evaluation and diagnosis to the rapid recovery at home after discharge.